Overtime I have become increasingly aware of the criticality of privacy and security online. A foundational step in becoming more secure is understanding where your important information is. For me, although not incredibly sensitive, it was my inbox. It was the funnel of all my online activity (e.g. banking, shopping, social sites, etc.). Although nothing different than what is in millions of others inboxes, I began to realize how big of an insight into my life my inbox was. This quickly begged the question, do I trust the email provider I'm currently with not to be misusing the insight they are gaining from my funnel of data over years of use, whether for advertising, social graphing, etc.. Around this same time, I became aware of some of the privacy focused resources listed below and specifically PrivacyTools.io. There are countless resources for increasing privacy online that require balancing between privacy/security and convenience.
I've documented some of the resources I've come across and in some cases, employed. I'd encourage you to conduct your own research on these topics to make an informed decision. The below are my personal opinion.
Several privacy focused resources:
A few noteable articles to consider:
Enables you to own and control your email address agnostic of provider - what happens if the provider ceases to operate or inadvertently blocks your account (e.g., false positive account abuse or spam sending)? Owning the domain name enables you to simply change the Mail Exchange (MX) Records with your domain registrar Domain Name System (DNS) to point to a new provider and within minutes (or possibly 1-3 hours) any new emails will be available with your new provider. Important to note, this doesn't replace backing up your previous emails as these won't be pulled over, only new emails after the switch will be available. This, however, is a huge help if your blocked or your provider has ceased operation and need to recover passwords and usernames for other sites that use that email address.
Empowers you to have portability - Similar to the matrix above, owning my own domain empowers me with the portability to change email providers as my requirements and needs change without having to revisit dozens of sites and change my email address.
Avoids conflict of usernames - Having your own domain means whatever you want to put in front of the "@" is guaranteed to be available; whereas you are subject to username availability of the provider (e.g., john@gmail.com is most likely taken, but john@yourdomain.com isn't).
Unlock aliases and possibilities - most providers enable multiple usernames or aliases at your own domain (some are limited, others are more generous). This could allow you to have shopping@yourdomain.com for shopping related emails or newsletters@yourdomain.com for newsletters.
Host multiple email providers - be able to give out the same email with small variance based on use. For example you could have yourname@yourdomain.com for primary correspondence with MX Records for one provider and also have yourname@secure.yourdomain.com ("secure" being a subdomain that could be substituted with any valid character) that has MX records pointing to another provider. This could be leveraged to have a standard mailbox most items come to but have a "secure" one that points to a more security focused provider such ProtonMail or Tutanota for more sensitive communications.
Provider | Privacy Focused | Offers Encryption | Calendar Support | Accept & Receive Calendar Invites | Contact Support | Contact Sync Beyond Native App | IMAP* (+ CalDAV & CardDAV) | Mobile App |
Customer Domain Support | Comments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ProtonMail | Yes | Yes - Leader in this category.
Offer both End-To-End Encryption and zero-knowledge encryption. | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | IMAP via ProtonMail Bridge | Yes | Yes | Excellent privacy and end-to-end encryption. Promptly encrypts plain text emails upon receipt. However, does not have Calendar support beyond web and cannot sync contacts outside of website and mobile application (e.g., cannot sync with Desktop mail application nor Mobile device).
Additionally, cannot invite nor accept calendar invites. Can Import and Export Email via IMAP + their built-in options if you ever switch the service. |
Tutanota | Yes | Yes - Leader in this category.
Offer both End-To-End Encryption and zero-knowledge encryption. | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | No - Native Desktop App and mobile apps (all include email, contact, and calendar) | Yes | Yes | Similar ravings of privacy and security as ProtonMail.
Can send and receive calendar invites with a paid subscription. Similar to ProtonMail, contacts cannot be synced beyond their web and native applications. Import service for importing email but must manually select each email and select export to export email if you ever opt to depart the service. This may be a non-issue for some. For others, this may make switching providers time consuming and high level of effort. |
Mailbox.org | Yes | Yes - but requires user opt-in and managing PGP Keys or using Mailvelope via web browser. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Overall attractive service, but there are numerous negative anecdotes of issues with customer service and high rate of false positives of accounts being locked or blocked from sending due to anti-spamming algorithms.
User interface for Webmail leaves a lot to be desired and increases. |
Mailfence | Yes - but requires user opt-in and managing PGP Keys or using Mailvelope via web browser. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No | Yes | Mailfence was very promising and struck the right balance of security, privacy, and convenience. However, similar to Mailbox.org there are negative anecdotes on issues with customer support, it lacks a native mobile app, and reportedly has issues with planned and unplanned outages (one recent example). | |
FastMail | Yes | No- but always an option of using Mailvelope via web browser or using PGP via a client such as Thunderbird to encrypt end-to-end. | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Excellent collective of features and functions. Built-in zero-knowledge encryption and end-to-end encryption is really the only item left out.
Robust instructions and documentation, including automated method for setting up CalDAV and CardDAV on mobile. Generous number of aliases (e.g., you want to sign up for a newsletter but not use your actual address as to avoid potential Spam later on). As well as option to do catch-all with your customer domain (e.g., any value @yourdomain.com can reach your inbox). |
* Note IMAP, CalDAV, and CardDAV are the primary ways we consume these services via native popular applications.
All providers above offer encryption in transit with Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Encryption at Rest. However, be careful of providers that offer "Secure" services as some providers such as Kolab Now have a solid portfolio of services and features, but do not encrypt data at rest (e.g. the storage the data is on is not encrypted, at all). Instead, their data center is secured with fences, guards, and various access control measures - this is increasingly a standard practice and should be looked for as a default not a benefit.
Some honorable mentioned routinely included in discussions of private/secure email providers below; these unfortunately didn't meet my personal criteria for migrating away from Gmail.
My personal criteria, partially captured in the above matrix, majority related to the following:
What are other ways to recover some privacy?
AI Website Creator